What causes traffic jams in the city? There are three reasons for traffic jams (consistency is not important):

1. Errors in the organization of movement

2. Violation of rules

3. An increasing number of cars

4. Organization of movement.

This includes incorrect adjustment of the traffic lights and the wrong placement of the signs and lines. In many cases, non-working traffic lights cause traffic jams, as one of the main functions of the traffic light is gradually split traffic flows to the streets.

2.Massive violations of law and irregular driving of vehicles.

This is a very important factor, massive rule violations by drivers and pedestrians and irregular driving paralyze the traffic movement. Two things are important for preventing violation of rules:

• The rule violation must be physically prevented, and the infrastructure must be considered beforehand against "foolishness". The streets should be designed so as to prevent traffic violations as much as possible.
• The police (or other supervisory authority) must try to prevent the violation, not to wait for the violation to happen.

3. An increasing number of cars.

Currently, Baku has about 250-300 cars per thousand people, which is close to the average figure of the main European cities, but the city's street-road infrastructure is not suitable for this number of vehicles. It seems impossible to adapt, for this reason, the city infrastructure must be changed.

As in many megalopolises, in Baku, business and cultural activity are concentrated in the central part of the city. This factor leads people to make daily journeys to the central parts of Baku, from settlements and cities located on the Absheron peninsula. Driving such journeys which are an important part of the lives of the residents, with private cars creates extreme burdens in the city's street-traffic network, as well as the need for parking cars coming to the city. As a result, the demand exceeds the available parking spaces. Thus, traffic jams and chaotic parked streets are observed in Baku due to a large number of cars coming to the central part of the city and the limited parking spaces. In major cities in developed countries, and especially in Europe in the 60s of the last century, there has been a problem of traffic jams. This problem was mainly related to the widespread automobile ownership in those years.

Can we solve the problem of traffic jams by expanding roads, removing the traffic lights and making pedestals go under the ground?

The problem of traffic jams and urban mobility is a very complex issue, it depends on the transport policy chosen by the city, the effectiveness of the supervision, the quality of public transport and a number of factors.

You need to know a few facts about traffic flows and traffic jams:

• The maximum capacity of the urban street is achieved with approximately 50 km/h. Drivers keep more distance when they drive with high speed, and the possibility of the road crash is also increasing.
• Traffic lights split traffic flow into parts and help prevent severe traffic jams. In addition, traffic lights adjust the movement by prioritizing them.
• In the past century, mathematicians and economists have proven that enlarging the roads in the city and the construction of new roads make traffic jams more severe. As new roads stimulating the use of automobiles (induced demand), traffic flows pass to the new roads soon.
• The most efficient street in urban environments is a 2-lane road to each side because the number of lanes makes the drivers change the lanes more. This factor increases the number of crashes and reduces the effectiveness of each lane.